rajniti ka kkhra padhati aaj ka loktantr

lEikndh;

jktuhfr dk ddgjk i<krh vkt dk yksdra=

xqtjkr vkSj fgekpy dh jktuhfr us yksdra= dh fn”kk cny nh mu ifjfLFkfr;ksa es tc ekgksy lrk/kkjh ikVhZ ds vuqdqy u gksA xqtjkr esa Hkktik dh ljdkj Fkh vkSj fgekpy esa dkxzsl dh ljdkj Fkh ij lHkh dh fuxkgs yxh Fkh fd xqtjkr esa dkxszl vk;sxh vkSj fgekpy esa Hkktik ysfdu ifj.kke vk;k rks xqtjkr vkSj fgekpay esa Hkktik us viuk >.Mk xkM+ fn;kA dakxzsl us jkgqy xk/kh vkSj Hkktik us ujsUnzeksnh dks usr`Ro fn;k ls xqtjkr esa Hkktik 99 ds Qsj rd gh fleVh vkSj dakxzsl 80 ij vVdh rFkk fgekpay esa Hkktik 68 ds vkadM+s dks ikjdj ljdkj cukus rd vk xbZ rks dkaxzsl 20 ij gh  xq.k nks’k dh leh{kk djus yxhA vkt dk yksdra= fdl fn”kk es dqykaps Hkjrk dqN dgk ugha tk ldrk] volj lcdks feyrs gS ;g dfYd dky dh jktuhfr dk lw= gSA dkxzsal ftldk tUe Hkkjr dh vktknh ds fy, gqvk 1885 es ftlus ns”k dh “kklu vkSj lrk dh deku turk dk “kklu turk ds uke ij “kq: fd;k 1950 esa vkSj vc 2017 es ogh dkxzsl vc 5 jkT;ksa rd gh turk ds uke dk “kklu pyk jgh ij “ks’k jkT;ksa esa 67 lky rd tks foi{k gqvk djrk Fkk turk ds uke dk “kklu pyk jgk yksdra= dqykaps Hkj jgkA  vkt dk yksdra= ikVhZ;ksa dks jktuhfr dk ddgjk i<k jgk ysfdu ikVhZ;ka ;g vglkl ugha dj jgh fd ;g dfYd dky gS tks okLro esa jktflgklu dk ekfyd gS QSlyk mlh dks nsuk gS ;g fof/k dh O;oLFkk gSA vly esa ns[kk tk; rks “kklu vkSj lrk dh vly ekfyd turk gh gS ysfdu turk “kklu vkSj lrk dk vFkZ bruk tkurh fd oksV nks vkSj 5 lky rd cjh jgksA bu 5 lkyksa ds Hkhrj “kklu vkSj lrk us turk dk [ktkuk fdruk Hkjk vkSj fdruk [kpZ fd;k dk turk dks dqN ysuk nsuk ughaA ;fn turk bl jgL; dks tku tk;sxh rks okLrfod yksdra= ls ikVhZ;ka d`rkFkZ gks tk;sxhA nqfu;ka esa jktuhfr dk ewy ea= egkHkkjr esa vkSj nqfu;k esa lekt dk ewy ea= jkek;.k esa ntZ gSA ;g nqfu;k ,d gh ;qx iq:’k ls ikVhZ;ka cuh ftudk viuk&viuk lfo/kku Hkh cuk vkSj og ;qx iq:’k ogh [kM+k dk [kM+k jg x;k D;ksafd mldk dksbZ lafo/kku ugha gS ysfdu mldk ,d gh lw= gS euq’;rkA euq’;ks dh ljdkj gS euq’;ks dk “kklu gS ysfdu euq’;rk ugha ftldk ifj.kke yksdra= jktuhfr dk ddgjk i<krh jgrh nqfu;k esa xfreku gSA ftldh pyrh og viuh pykrk gS vkSj yksdra= 5 lky ckn jktuhfr dk ddgjk i<okrk gSA lEiknd&”kh”kiky flga jkor

pahad ke parmprik vhojy pdarth ab nhi

vad 45 eaxyckj  19 fnlEcj 2017

vkids vklikl ds “kCnksa dh [kcj

igkM+ ds ikjEifjd HkksT; inkFkZ vc ugha

igkM+ksa dh viuh thou “kSyh Fkh tks vc ugha fn[krh dkj.k Kku i}fr okf/kr  gks xbZ yksxks us igkM+ ls iyk;u djds igkM+ ds xkao [kkyh dj fn;sA igkM+ esa thou thus ds fy, yksx okM+h& tks dksns ds vkVs ls cuk;k tkrk Fkk ftles viuh lkeF;Z vuqlkj yksx ?kh]xqM+]nw/k dk iz;ksx djrs Fks];fn ;s phts ugh arks dksnk ds vkVs dks dM+kgh ij ikuh ds lkFk ?kksVdj mls idkdj okM+h cukrs Fks [kkrs Fks] g’V iq’V cus jgrs Fks vc igkM+ ds yksx pkmehu dk Lokn ys jgssA okM+h dksnk ds vkVs ls gh curk gS vkSj dksnk dh Qly cks;sxk dkSu \ vc [ksr oatj gks pqds] oatj [ksrks es taxyh tkuojksa us viuk vkf”k;kuk cuk fn;k ftlls tks yksx xkao es jg Hkh jgs os vius [ksrks es ugha tk ldrs dkj.k taxyh >kM+h ls os [ksr ydnd gks pqds ftu [ksrks ds Hkw Lokeh iyk;u dj pwds ls  tks yksx xkao esa gS muds [ksrks dks tkus ds fy, jkLrk gh ugha ls os [ksr Hkh oatj iM+ pqds rks dksnk cks;sxk dkSu\ vc ,d gh mik; gh cktkj ij vkfJr jgk tk; ftUnk jgus ds fy, pkmehu gh [kkuk iM+sxkA tc [ksr gh oatj gksrs tk jgs rks xgFk ekjlq HkVV gksxs dagk ls\ xgFk dh xkSFkk.kh] ekjlq dk gyok-yMMw] HkVV dh pVuh vkSj dksns dh jksVh] y;k dh dkQyh] inhuk dh pVuh] igkM+ ds ikjEifjd HkksT; inkFkZ vc ugha fn[krsA >axksjk dh [khj] d.Mkyh dq lkx]ykS.;k dk Bqxkj] ?kh dh Myd.kh vj xqM+ ;g lc ikjEifjd HkksT; inkFkZ vc fn[krs Hkh ughaA ;s HkksT; inkFkZ lks”ky ehfM;k ij pfpZr rHkh gksrs tc bu idokuksa dk fdlh us Lokn fy;k gksxk ;k Lokn ys pqds vkneh us vius cPpksa dks crk;k gksxk os cPps lks”ky ehfM;k ij mRlqdrkol iksLV djrs i<us okys fVIi.kh djrsA okM+h ds lkFk dqN vkSj Hkh O;tu gS tks vc ugha fn[krs º;qUn dk fnu tc vkSUnk Fku rc vkM+lk dw dysok izR;sd /;k.kh ds fy, cuk;k tkrk Fkk tc og vius ek;ds es vkrh Fkh ;fn og fdlh dkj.k ls ek;ds ugha vk ldh rks mlds llqjky esa vkM+lk dq dysoq ys tk;k tkrk Fkk og okjEifjd HkksT; inkFkZ Hkh vc ugha fn[krkA  vkM+lk]ikiM+h]lhM+s]fNM+ds]vVds]eBBk]dqYFkk.kh vkfn ikjEifjd HkksT; inkFkZ igkM+ ds vc ugha jgs]budh txg dqjdqjs Nk x;s ftles ued dh vfr ek=k gksrh vkSj ;g ued rkdr  ugha ns ldrk ftlls igkM+ dk cpiu igkM+ ds yk;d ugha cu ikrkA leqfpr ljdkj dks igkM+ ds HkksT; inkFkksaZ dh mifLFkfr cuk;s j[kus ds fy, igkM+ ds vuqdqy gh ;kstuk;s rS;kj djuh pkfg, ftlls iyk;u Hkh :dsxk]iyk;u :dsxk rks xkao [kq”kgky gksxs] xkao [kq”kgky jgsxs rks ns”k lqjf{kr jgsxkA    “kh”kiky flga jkor

pahadho me brf to des me smirdhi

lEikndh;

igkM+ esa cQZ rks ns”k es le`f}

 igkM+ tc cQZ dk ?kkslyk curk gS rks ns”k dh le`f} ds }kj [kqy tkrs gSA le`f} dk mnxe djrh cQZ dh viuh igpku vkSj izo`fr vkSj iz[kjrk gSA lnhZ dh vkfFkZdh esa fBBqjuk Hkh ,d rjg dk fuos”k gS ftls gj dksbZ ugha dj ldrk gS ;g fuos”k ogh djrk tks igkM+ esa jgrs gS ;k igkM+ esa vk;s rkfd mUgs vglkl gks vuqHko gks fd igkM+ esa tc cQZ fxjrh rc fBBqju dh tdM+ fdl rjg gksrh A cQZokjh dh bl nkSj esa thus dh vkink dks le>uk t:jh gS D;ksafd gj lkal dh fder vkSj ftUnk jgus dh ek=k fuf”pr gSA ekSle gj lky vius fo”ks’kkf/kdkj ds lkFk igkM+ dks cQZ ls ydnd dj nsrk gS vkSj igkM+ ls og cQZ igkM+ esa gh ugha lek tkrh cfYd og cgdj ns”k dh tehu dks flpau djrh gksdj ns”k es [kq”kgkyh ykrh vkSj ;g [kq”kgkyh [ksrks ds ek/;e ls fdlku dks feyrh ls igkM+ ns”k dh le`f} ds lrEHk gSA igkM+ gh ugha gks rks cQZ mlh le; fi?kydj cg tk;sxh tks vkink dks Hkh vkea=.k ns ldrh gS ls igkM+ ml cQZ dks vius mij pknj dh rjg iljus nsrk vkSj og cQZ lw;Z ds rki ls f/kjs&f/kjs xyus yx tkrh ns”k dh [kq”kgkyh dk fuekZ.k djrh gSA blds fy, leqfpr ljdkjksa dks tagk igkM+ gS oagk igkM+ dks ftforark cuk;s j[kus ds ft, ,slh ;kstuk;s cukuh pkfg, ftlls igkM ftfor fn[krs jgs vkSj igkM+ Hkh fodflr gksrs jgsA igkM+ ftfor jgsxs rks cQZ Hkh igkM+ ij fVdsxh] cQZ igkM+ ij fVdsxh rks ns”k es le`f} vius vki vk;sxhA ikuh dh ,d cwUn ds fy, rjl tkuk fdruk d’Vizn gksrk gS tc thus dh lEHkkouk =klnh cu tk; rc cQZ ;kn vkrh vkSj cQZ igkM+ esa gh feysxh rHkh tc igkM+ [kM+s utj vk;sA fodkl ds uke ij igkM+ksa dk ftl izdkj nksgu gks jgk ml rjg nksgu u gks blds fy, ,slh rdfudh iz;ksx ykbZ tk; tks igkM+ dks Hkh cpk;s j[ks vkSj fodkl Hkh fn[ksA igkM+ esa fodkl dh cqfu;kn igkM+ dh lajpuk dh rjg gks rks igkM+ njdsxs ugha vf/kd fodflr fn[ksxsa rHkh igkM+ esa cQZ fVdsxh rks ns”k dh le`f} ds }kj vius vki [kqysxsA igkM+ esa izkd`frd cQZ fn[ks u fd d`fre cQZ]d`fre cQZ cukus ds fy, igkM+ dh ;Fkk fLFkfr ij izHkko iM+sxk ftlls igkM+ dk thou eSnkuh thou tSlk gks tk;sxk blds fy, igkM+ ds vuqlkj gh cQZ iM+rh jgs ,slk okrkoj.k cuk jgs ds fy, leqfpr ljdkj uhfr cuk;s ftlls igkM+ es Hkh fodkl dh xfr viuh jIrkj ys ldsxhA igkM+ esa cQZ gksxh rks ns”k esa thou gksxk]ns”k es thou lap; xfreku cuk jgs ds fy, igkM+ fodflr gksus pkfg,A lEiknd& “kh”kiky flga jkor

bharat ka prtek votr aadhar se link ho

vad 44 eaxyckj  12 fnlEcj 2017

vkids vklikl ds “kCnksa dh [kcj

Hkkjr dk izR;sd oksVj vk/kkj ls fyad gks

  Hkkjr esa fuokl djus okyk vke vkneh dks Hkkjr dh leqfpr ljdkj us ,d vk/kkj uEcj fn;k gS tks ml vkneh dh igpku dk ,d nLrkost gS vkSj bl nLrkost ls nqfu;k dh leqfpr ljdkjs ml vkneh dks tkurh]igpkurh fd og vkneh Hkkjrh; gSA  ftl vkneh dk vk/kkj dkMZ cukuk gS] og uj-ukjh ;k fcifjr fyxa ;k ftl Hkh jax-:Ik]xq.k-nks’k ls lEcfU/kr gS]ftl frfFk dks mldk tUe gqvk]Hkkjr esa tagk og fuokl dj jgk irs dh lgh igpku dh O;oLFkk leqfpr ljdkj dh gS ftlls dksbZ Hkh ukxfjd ,d gh vkneh vusd txgks ij yksdra= dk [ksougkj u cu lds vkSj u dksbZ fons”kh Hkkjrh; vk/kkj uEcj gkfly dj lds ;fn fdlh fcns”kh ds ikl Hkkjrh; vk/kkj uEcj gS rks LFkkuh; vfHklwpuk rF; lEer tkudkjh nsA ftldk vk/kkj dkMZ cu pqdk mlds vk/kkj dkMZ dks mlds ernkrk dkMZ ls fyad djokuk t:jh gS tagk dk og ernkrk cuuk pkgrk ds fy, xr ,d c’kZ ls og ml {ks= esa lkekU; LFkkbZ fuokl dj jgk gks] mldh tUe frfFk vk/kkj dkMZ vkSj oksVj dkMZ ij feyku dj ernkrk cuus dh mez rd lgh ntZ gks blds fy, LFkkuh; vfHklwpuk bdkbZ dh lsok;s leqfpr ljdkj ysA mldk ,d eksckby uEcj mldk ,d cSad [kkrk vkSj mldk iSu dkMZ uEcj Hkh vk/kkj ls fyad fd;k tkuk t:jh gS rkfd >wB dh cqfu;kn ij jps x;s ftrus Hkh fodkl ds [kks[kys nkos] fxjfxVh uhfr;ka o fu;e];kstuk;s]miyfC/k;k]vuqnku ij turk ds /ku dh cjcknh dks jksdk tk ldsxkA okLrfod yksdra= ftles dksbZ Hkh laLFkk p;fur]euksfur ls ugha cfYd yksdra= dh jh< ernkrk oksV nsdj pquko ls O;ofLFkr djsxs rks lafo/kku us vke vkneh dks tks ekSfyd vf/kdkj ns j[ks gS os Hkkjr esa jgus okys lHkh yksxks dks ulhc gks tk;sxs rFkk euq’;ks ds uke ij “kklu vkSj lrk esa euq’;ks dh Hkkxhnkjh fn[kuh yxsxh dksbZ Hkh O;oLFkk ls c<dj ugha gksxk ;g lc dke rHkh gksxk tc vk/kkj dkMZ oksVj dkMZ]iSu dkMZ vkil esa fyad gksxsA yksdra= ds uke ij 3 lky]5 lky] vkSj 39 lky rd O;oLFkk ftu gkFkksa esa gS vkf[kj os ,d fnu ml yksdra= dk gh fgLlk curs ftl yksdra= ds uke ij muds }kjk “kklu vkSj lrk lapkfyr dh gS] “kklu vkSj lrk dh pdkpkSU/k esa fxjIr jgs gS],slk mUgs rHkh vglkl gksrk tc os O;oLFkk ls eqDr gksdj vke vkneh curs]LoPNn thou xqtj clj djus yx tkrsA blls igys gh O;oLFkk yksdra= ds izfr tckcnsg gks rks O;oLFkk ls eqfDr gksus ds ckn gj dksbZ  lrk vkSj ljdkj dks nks’k u nsdj yksdra= dks ueu dj ldsxk] blds fy, ,d gh lw= gS fd izR;sd ernkrk dk oksVj dkMZ vk/kkj dkMZ ls fyad gks]izR;sd ukxfjd dk iSu dkMZ vk/kkj dkMZ ls fyad gks] izR;sd ukxfjd dk ,d eksckby uEcj vk/kkj dkMZ ls fyad gks] izR;sd ukxfjd dk ,d cSad [kkrk vk/kkj dkMZ ls fyad gk vkSj bles ,slh O;oLFkk Hkh gks fd uke]irk]tUe frfFk ;fn xyr gks rks lgh djus dh O;oLFkk gks rFkk LFkkuh; vfHklwpuk bdkbZ tckcnsg gks ftlls dksbZ fons”kh Hkkjrh; vk/kkj uEcj gkfly u dj lds rks okLrfod yksdra= Hkkjr esa fn[ksxk ftls nqfu;k vuqHko djsxh rks nqfu;k Hkkjr dks i<sxh vkSj nqfu;k vglkl djsxh rks nqfu;k Hkkjr dks ns[ksxhA  “kh”kiky flga jkor    

divango ko jivn ki muskan de

lEikndh;

fnO;kaxksa dks thou dh eqLdku ns

gj c’kZ 3 fnlEcj dks vUrjk’Vªh; Lrj ij fnO;kax fnol euk;k tkrk gSA la;qDr jk’V vke lHkk ds }kjk 1976 esa fodyakxtuksa ds fy, vUrjk’Vªh; c’kZ euk;k x;k vkSj c’kZ 1981 ls fof/kor 3 fnlEcj dks fodykax fnol eukus dh “kq:vkr gqbZ fd fodykxksa ds izfr lkekftd lksp cnyh tk; muds thou thus ds rkSj rfjdks dks csgrj cuok;k tk; rFkk muds dY;k.k ds fy, ,slh ;kstuk;s ykxw dh tk; ftlls os vius dks lekt dk gh vax le>s ds fy, bl fnol dh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gSA blls u dsoy ljdkjs cfYd vke turk es Hkh fnO;kaxksa ds izfr ekgksy cusA Hkkjr ds iz/kkuea=h ujsUnzeksnh us fodykaxksa dks fodykax u dgdj fnO;kax dgk ,d u;ha lksp dks tUe fn;k fd ges bl fojknjh dks thou dh eqLdjkgV nsuh gS u fd gs; le>uk gSA fodykaxrk ,d ,slh ifjfLFkfr gS ftls ge pkg dj Hkh ihNk ugha NqM+k ldrs]ysfdu bl rjg dk O;fDr okLro es fnO; “kfDr;ks dk ekfyd gksrk gS ftls ge >wByk Hkh ugha ldrs]blds fy, FkksM+k lg;ksx dh t:jr gksrh gS vkSj ;fn mls lg;ksx fey tk; rks fnO;kax tu loZ”kfDreku tu ds led{k [kM+k gksdj lekt dh mtkZ cu ldrk gS ftls lHkh ns[k ldrs gS]le> ldrs gS]vglkl dj ldrs gSA lekt esa vkt Hkh fodykax tu misf{kr gS tcfd leqfpr ljdkj dk ,d iwjk ra= ,oa laLFkk;sa fodykx tuksa ds fy, lefiZr gS flQZ dkxtksa esaA tehu ij ns[kk tk; rks fnO;kax tu ds uke ls og loZ”kfDreku tu iy jgk]flapu gks jgk]mUufr dj jgk gS ftls fnO;kxtu ds uke ls tkjh gks pqdh vuqnku dh tkudkjh gS vkSj okLrfod fnO;akxtu mlh iVjh ij [kM+k gS tagk og FkkA vf/kdka”k ns”kksa esa gj 10 O;fDr ij ,d fodykax tu gS vkSj og fdl rjg dk fodykax tu gS dksbZ muls lh[ks fd thou dSls th;k tkrk gSA tc Hkh lekt esa fopkj gksrk gS rks lkekU; yksxksa ds dY;k.k ij gh fopkj gksrk mudh ftUnxh dks gh fodykax tu dh ftUnxh dk fgLlk eku fy;k tkrk gSA nqfu;k ds fdl lfo/kku esa fy[kk gS fd ;g nqfu;k flQZ iw.kZ euq’;ks ds fy, cuh gS ckfd os yksx tks lk/kkj.k euq’;ksa dh rjg O;ogkj ugha djrs mUgs D;ksa vyx Fkyx j[kk tkrk gS\ D;k ;s nqfu;k mu yksxksa ds fy, ugha tks fdlh u fdlh jax :i]xq.k nks’k fodkj ls xzflr fodykax tu gS\ij ns[kk tk; rks nqfu;k esa fodykax tu dgh cslgkjk gS dgh fdlh ds ikl iSls dh raxh gS] dgh dksbZ vNqr gS] dgh fdlh ds ikl dkuksa es lquus dh “kfDr ugha]dgh fdlh ds ikl vka[kksa esa ns[kus dh T;ksfr ugh]dgh ds ikl gkFk ugha] dgh fdlh ds ikl iSj ugha] dgh fdlh ds ikl “kjhj gS rks ,slk “kjhj tks py fQj ugha ldrk];g lc ulhc dk [ksy gS]blesa mldh D;k xyrh\ vkf[kj mls Hkh thus dk iwjk gd gS vkSj ;g gd mls rHkh feysxk tc mls leqfpr ljdkj le>sxh blds fy, leqfpr ljdkj dks dgh ugha tkuk mls ml fodykaxtu dk <aq<uk gksxk ftldk leqfpr ljdkj us izek.k i= tkjh fd;k vkSj vius fjdkMZ esa vfdar fd;k gqvk gS]mls Hkh <qa<uk gksxk mls ,d gh vk/kkj uEcj nsdj mlds fy, lathouh cuuk gksxkA 19 oha “krkCnh dh ,d ,slh fnypLi efgyk tks vufxur fodykax tuks dh izsj.kk L=ksr cuh] og fel gsyu dsoy “kjhj ls viax Fkh] tks vufxur ukjh tkfr dh xkSjo cuh]eu ls leFkZ efgyk Fkh]mldh n`< bPNk “kfDr us n`f’Vokf/krk]ewd rFkk of/kjrk dks ijkftr djok;k]ubZ izsj.kk “kfDr dks vius fy, ugha nqfu;k ds fodykax tuks ds fy, tUe fn;k vkSj nqfu;k ds fodykaxtuks dks thou fuek.kZ vkSj fodkl dk ekxZ fn[kk;k dh rjg ;fn leqfpr ljdkj fodykax tuks ds fy, dke djs rks fodykaxrk vfHk”kki ugha cusxhA LVhQu gSfdx dk uke Hkh nqfu;k esa lquk tk jgk tks fodyakax tu gksrs gq, Hkh vius oSKkfud “kks/k ds dkj.k ppkZ esa gSA fodykax yksxksa ds izfr tu lk/kkj.k dh mnkflurk ekuork ij ,d dayd gS ;g rHkh gV ldsxk tc lHkh vius vklikl ,d ,d fodyakx tu dks le>sxs mlds thou esa eqLdjkgV yk;sxsA ;g lEiknd Jo.k fnO;kaxrk dks ijkftr djrs gq,]fnO;kx tu dh ihM+k ls vglkflr]vuqHkfor tu ljksdkjks dh eqLdjkgV lekpkj lEiknu jr gSA lEiknd&”kh”kiky flga jkor

gairsain ke naam pr rajdhani ki rajniti

vad 43 eaxyckj  5 fnlEcj 2017

vkids vklikl ds “kCnksa dh [kcj

xSjlS.k ds uke ij jkt/kkuh dh jktuhfr

xSjlS.k mrjk[k.M dk x<oky vkSj dqekm dk dsUnz fcUnq gS ftlds fy, ml le; ls jktuhfr “kq: gks pqdh tc ;g mEehn gksus yx xbZ fd vc mrjk[k.M jkT; dh LFkkiuk gks gh tk;sxhA xSjlS.k dk eqnnk jkt/kkuh ds uke ij mrjk[k.M dzkfUrny us jpk vkSj bl eqnns dks Hkqukus dk dke fd;k dkaxzsl us rFkk bl eqnns dks mtkZ nsus dk dke fd;k Hkktik us ysfdu LFkkbZ jkt/kkuh ughaA xSjlS.k esa fo/kkulHkk dk l= pyk];g l= dkaxzsl vkSj Hkktik ftls izns”k dh turk us ckjh ckjh ls yksdra= dh 3 ljdkjs ns nh ysfdu xSjlS.k dks LFkkbZ jkt/kkuh dk rexk ugha ns ldsA mrjk[k.M dh turk Hkyh HkkfUr le> pqdh fd xSj lS.k- xSj lS.k gh jgsxkA mrjk[k.M dk bfrgkl dks [kaxkyk tk; rks flQZ iz|qeu “kkg gh ,sls egkjktk jgs Fks ftlus 1787 ls 1790 ds chp x<oky vkSj dqekm ij ,d N= jkt fd;k vkSj jkt/kkuh pkaniqj x< ls Jhuxj cukbZ Fkh] mlh le; 1790 ds vklikl jksfgYyks us dqekm ij vkdze.k fd;k rks x<oky ujs”k us gh jksfgYyk eqDr dqekm cuk;k FkkA iaokj ca”kh; “kkld vt;iky us lcls igys 52 x<ksa dks thrdj pkaniqj x< ls 1506 ls 1579 rd Jhuxj dks jkt/kkuh cuk;k FkkA jktk Hkkuqizrki vkSj jktk dud iky dh Hkh jkt/kkuh pkaiqj x< Fkh ftls vLFkkbZ rkSj ij 1506 bZ0 esa nsoyx< ys tk;k x;k FkkA dR;qjh ca”k dh xzh’edkyhu jkt/kkuh tks”kheB vkSj “khrdkyhu jkt/kkuh jkeuxj ds ikl f<dqyh ;kuh cSjkB es FkhA vaxzstks ds jkt esa uSuhrky fczfV”k x<oky dh jkt/kkuh FkhA Hkkjr esa fVgjh fj;klr gh ,d ,slh fj;klr jgh tks u eqxyks ds vf/ku Fkh vkSj u vaxzstks ds vf/ku jgh ysfdu 1803 ls 1815 rd xkSj[kks us vkdze.k djds fVgjh fj;klr ij dCtk fd;k ftls  28 fnlEcj 1815 dks x<oky ujs”k iz|qeu “kkg us fVgjh jkt/kkuh cukbZ tagk vc 42 cxZ fd0eh0 dh >hy cu pqdh] nsgjknwu dks vxzstks us lgkjuiqj tuin dk fgLlk cuk;k fczfV”k x<oky dh jkt/kkuh ughaA chj pUnzflga x<okyh us Hkkjr ds izFke iz/kkuea=h ls fuosnu fd;k Fkk fd nq/kkrksyh dks Hkkjr dh xzh’edkfyu jkt/kkuh cuk;k tk; ysfdu nq/kkrksyh Hkkjr dh xzh’edkfyu jkt/kkuh u cu ldhA dqekm dk laLFkkid dgh vHk;pUn dks vkSj dgh FkkSgj pUn dks ekuk tkrk gS ftudh jkt/kkuh pEikor Fkh ftls jktk Hkh’epUn 16 oha lnh esa [kxejkdksV ;kus vYeksM+k yk;s FksA mrjdk”kh]fVgjh]peksyh]:nziz;kx]ikSM+h]nsgjknwu]gfj}kj ftyks dh turk dk oksV cSad vkSj pEikor]ckxs”oj]vYeksM+k]uSuhrky]fiFkksjkx<]m/keflgauxj ftyks dh turk dk oksV cSad   nsgjknwu  dks LFkkbZ jkt/kkuh cuus ij vletal dh fLFkfr us yksdra= dks gh dV?kjs esa [kM+k dj fn;k A vc yksdra= gS turk dh pquh gqbZ ljdkj gS turk ds pqus gq, izfrfuf/k gS tks 17 lky xqtjus ij Hkh vHkh rd xSjlS.k ;k nsgjknwu dks LFkkbZ jkt/kkuh p;u u dj lds ij ,slk yxrk gS fd xSjlS.k xSjlS.k gh jgsxkA nsgjknwu esa Hkh jkt/kkuh ds uke ij turk dk /ku [kpZ gks jgk vkSj xSjlS.k esa Hkh jkt/kkuh ds uke ij  turk ds /ku dk >wu>wuk ct jgk dk loky cM+k xEHkhj gSA blds fy, ,d gh loZekU; uhfr jgsxh fd Jhuxj es gh mrjk[k.M dh LFkkbZ jkt/kkuh cuk;h tk; ftlls dksbZ Hkh xSj ugh le> ldsxkA  “kh”kiky flga jkor

hr snvedhanik sanstha milkr kaam kre

LkEikndh;

gj laoS/kkfud laLFkk feydj dke djs

fiNys 68 c’kksZ es gekjs lafo/kku us gj ijh{kk dks ikj fd;k gS vkSj gj vk”kadk dks xyr lkfcr fd;k gS ysfdu Lora=rk ds brus c’kksZ ckn Hkh vkarfjd detksjh;k nwj ugha gqbZ ,sls es cnys gq, gkyr es dSls vkxs c<k tk; bl ckjs es dk;Zikfydk U;k;ikfydk vkSj fo/kkf;dk rhuks gh Lrj ij eUFku fd;s tkus dh t:jr gSA jk’Vªh; fof/k fnol lkekjksg dks lEcksf/kr djrs gq, Hkkjr ds iz/kkuea=h ujsUn eksnh us dgk fd ;g le; rks Hkkjr ds fy, Lo.kZdky dh rjg gS] ns”k es vkRe fo”okl dk ,slk ekgksy cjlks ckn ckn cuk blds  fy, lok lkS djksM+ Hkkjrh;ksa dh bPNk “kfDr dke dj jghA gj laoS/kkfud laLFkk dks feydj dke djuk pkfg, rHkh bl ns”k esa ,d ntZu ls T;knk iaFk lkS ls T;knk Hkk’kk;s lrzg lkS ls T;knk cksfy;ka “kgj xkao dLcks es jgus okys yksxks dh vkLFkk;s mudk lEeku mudk ,d ,sfrgkfld nLrkost rS;kj djuk vklku ugha ;g rHkh lEHko tc ,d u;k Hkkjr ds ladYi ij tksj fn;k tk;A ukStokuks dh mtkZ dks lgh fn”kk nsus ds fy, ns”k dh gj laoS/kkfud laLFkk dks feydj dke djuk gksxk ftlds fy, lafo/kku fnol gekjs fy, ,d egRo iw.kZ lUns”k ysdj vkrk gSA lafo/kku es ,slk dksbZ fo’k; ugha ftldh O;k[;k ftl ij fn”kk funsZ”k u gks bldh “kfDr gekjs lafo/kku es gSA lafo/kku lHkk ds vUrfje v/;{k lfpnkuUn flUgk us dgk Fkk fd ekuo }kjk jfpr vxj fdlh jpuk dks vej dgk tk;sxk rks og jpuk Hkkjr dk lafo/kku gSA ;g yphyk gS O;ogkfjd gS “kkfUr gks ;k ;q} ds le; ;g ns”k dks ,d tqV cuk;s j[kus dh {kerk ls ifjiw.kZ gSA lafo/kku dks lkeus j[kdj ;fn dqN xyr gksrk gS rks xyrh lafo/kku dh ugha cfYd tks laLFkk lafo/kku dk ikyu djok jgh mldh gSA Hkkjr ds lfo/kku dks ;fn okLro esa ikyu djok;k tk; rks O;oLFkk ftu gkFkks es gS mUgs igy djuh gksxh rHkh fo/kkf;dk dk;Zikfydk U;k;ikfydk eUFku djds O;oLFkk dks O;ofLFkr  dj ldsxhA O;oLFkk rHkh mrjnkbZ gks ldrh tc O;oLFkk lafo/kku dk ikyu djs  D;ksafd lafo/kku es O;oLFkk ls c<dj dksbZ ughaA  Hkkjr es jgus okyk gj ukxfjd lafo/kku dk ikyu djs mls vius dks O;oLFkk ls c<dj ugha le>uk pkfg,A lEiknd&”kh”kiky flga jkor